구글 맵에 현재 위치 표시하기 (Activity)

구글 제공 구글맵 샘플코드는 https://github.com/googlemaps/android-samples/tree/master 에서 다운로드 받아서 필요한 것을 구현하면 된다.

지도 객체

- 하나의 지도는 View 요소와 인터페이스 요소로 구성된다.

- View 요소는 화면에 지도를 나타내는 역할을 하며, MapFragment 와 MapView 가 여기에 해당된다.

- 지도 화면은 Fragment 및 View로 제공된다. 이 중 한가지를 Layout 에 추가하면 화면에 지도가 나타난다.

- 지도를 화면에 나타내는 방법 중 가장 권장되는 것은 MapFragment 를 사용하는 것이다.

- Fragment 를 사용하지 않고 View를 바로 사용할 수도 있다.

  MapView를 Layout에 추가하면 MapFragment 를 사용한 것과 마찬가지로 지도가 화면에 나타난다.

- MapView를 사용할 때는 반드시 MapView가 포함된 액티비티의 라이프 사이클에 맞추어 onCreate(), onStart(), onResume(), onPause(), onStop(), onDestroy(), onSaveInstanceState(), onLowMemory()를 호출해야 합니다. 단, MapView가 프래그먼트에 포함될 경우 프래그먼트의 onCreateView() 또는 onViewCreated()에서 onCreate()를, onDestroyView()에서 onDestroy()를 호출해야 합니다. 그렇지 않으면 지도가 정상적으로 동작하지 않는다.
MapFragment를 사용하면 이러한 절차가 필요하지 않으므로 MapFragment를 사용하는 것을 권장한다.

FusedLocationProviderClient

https://developers.google.com/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/location/FusedLocationProviderClient 참조

private FusedLocationProviderClient mFusedLocationProviderClient;

// FusedLocationProviderClient 객체 생성
mFusedLocationProviderClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(mContext);

현재 위치를 획득하는 걸 LocationManager service = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE); 를 활용해볼까 하고 좀 찾아봤더니 이건 오래된 방식이라고 나온다.

GPS 수신이 불가능한 곳에 위치할 경우에는 네트워크 사업자의 위치정보를 받아서 처리하는 걸 추가하려고 하는데 아직 여기까지는 처리하지 못했다.

https://webnautes.tistory.com/1249 에 나온 예제가 너무 잘 되어 있어 거의 활용하면서 구글맵 예제와 비교하면서 수정해서 테스트 해봤다.

activity_current_place.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"     android:layout_width="match_parent"     android:layout_height="match_parent"     android:orientation="vertical">     <LinearLayout         android:layout_width="match_parent"         android:layout_height="0dp"         android:layout_weight="5"         android:orientation="vertical">         <RelativeLayout             android:layout_width="match_parent"             android:layout_height="50dp">             <ImageView                 android:id="@+id/navibar_bg"                 android:layout_width="match_parent"                 android:layout_height="match_parent"                 android:adjustViewBounds="false"                 android:scaleType="fitXY"                 android:src="@drawable/navibar_bg" />             <TextView                 android:id="@+id/navibar_text"                 android:layout_width="match_parent"                 android:layout_height="match_parent"                 android:gravity="center"                 android:singleLine="true"                 android:text="No Title"                 android:textColor="@android:color/white"                 android:textSize="22dp" />             <Button                 android:id="@+id/list_btn"                 android:layout_width="30dp"                 android:layout_height="30dp"                 android:layout_centerVertical="true"                 android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"                 android:background="@drawable/btn_playlist" />             <Button                 android:id="@+id/home_btn"                 android:layout_width="30dp"                 android:layout_height="30dp"                 android:layout_alignParentRight="true"                 android:layout_centerVertical="true"                 android:layout_marginRight="10dp"                 android:background="@drawable/btn_home_c" />         </RelativeLayout>         <fragment xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"             xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"             android:id="@+id/realtimemap"             android:name="com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment"             android:layout_width="match_parent"             android:layout_height="match_parent" />     </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>

CurrentPlace.java

import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.location.Address; import android.location.Geocoder; import android.location.Location; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Looper; import android.util.Log; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; import androidx.annotation.NonNull; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import androidx.appcompat.widget.PopupMenu; import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat; import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat; import com.google.android.gms.location.FusedLocationProviderClient; import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationCallback; import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationRequest; import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationResult; import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationServices; import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationSettingsRequest; import com.google.android.gms.maps.CameraUpdate; import com.google.android.gms.maps.CameraUpdateFactory; import com.google.android.gms.maps.GoogleMap; import com.google.android.gms.maps.OnMapReadyCallback; import com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment; import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.BitmapDescriptorFactory; import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.CameraPosition; import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.LatLng; import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.Marker; import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.MarkerOptions; import java.io.IOException; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; import java.util.Locale; public class CurrentPlace extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener, OnMapReadyCallback {     private static final String TAG = CurrentPlace.class.getSimpleName();     Context mContext;     TextView title;     private GoogleMap mMap;     private Marker currentMarker = null;     // The entry point to the Fused Location Provider.     private FusedLocationProviderClient mFusedLocationProviderClient; // Deprecated된 FusedLocationApi를 대체     private LocationRequest locationRequest;     private Location mCurrentLocatiion;     private final LatLng mDefaultLocation = new LatLng(37.56, 126.97);     private static final int DEFAULT_ZOOM = 15;     private static final int PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION = 1;     private boolean mLocationPermissionGranted;     private static final int GPS_ENABLE_REQUEST_CODE = 2001;     private static final int UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS = 1000 * 60 * 15;  // LOG 찍어보니 이걸 주기로 하지 않는듯     private static final int FASTEST_UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS = 1000 * 30 ; // 30초 단위로 화면 갱신     private static final String KEY_CAMERA_POSITION = "camera_position";     private static final String KEY_LOCATION = "location";     @Override     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         if (savedInstanceState != null) {             mCurrentLocatiion = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_LOCATION);             CameraPosition mCameraPosition = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_CAMERA_POSITION);         }         setContentView(R.layout.activity_current_place);         mContext = CurrentPlace.this;         // button action...         findViewById(R.id.list_btn).setOnClickListener(this);         findViewById(R.id.home_btn).setOnClickListener(this);         // title set         title = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.navibar_text); // title         title.setText("실시간 위치 표시");         locationRequest = new LocationRequest()                 .setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY) // 정확도를 최우선적으로 고려                 .setInterval(UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS) // 위치가 Update 되는 주기                 .setFastestInterval(FASTEST_UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS); // 위치 획득후 업데이트되는 주기         LocationSettingsRequest.Builder builder =                 new LocationSettingsRequest.Builder();         builder.addLocationRequest(locationRequest);         // Construct a FusedLocationProviderClient.         mFusedLocationProviderClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this);         // Build the map.         SupportMapFragment mapFragment = (SupportMapFragment) getSupportFragmentManager()                 .findFragmentById(R.id.realtimemap);         mapFragment.getMapAsync(this);     }     /**      * Saves the state of the map when the activity is paused.      */     @Override     protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {         if (mMap != null) {             outState.putParcelable(KEY_CAMERA_POSITION, mMap.getCameraPosition());             outState.putParcelable(KEY_LOCATION, mCurrentLocatiion);             super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);         }     }     @Override     public void onClick(View view) {         switch (view.getId()) {             case R.id.list_btn:                 // 팝업 메뉴 나오게 하는 방법                 PopupMenu popupMenu = new PopupMenu(mContext, view);                 Menu menu = popupMenu.getMenu();                 menu.add(Menu.NONE,R.id.option_get_place,Menu.NONE, "Get Place");                 //menu.add(Menu.NONE,R.id.option_get_place,Menu.NONE, "");                 popupMenu.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener() {                     @Override                     public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {                         switch (item.getItemId()) {                             case R.id.option_get_place:                                 //showCurrentPlace(); // 아직 이 부분 미 구현                                 break;                         }                         return true;                     }                 });                 popupMenu.show();                 break;             case R.id.home_btn:                 Intent intent = new Intent(CurrentPlace.this, MainActivity.class);                 intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP);                 startActivity(intent);             default:                 break;         }     }     @Override     public void onMapReady(GoogleMap map) {         Log.e(TAG, "onMapReady :");         mMap = map;         setDefaultLocation(); // GPS를 찾지 못하는 장소에 있을 경우 지도의 초기 위치가 필요함.         getLocationPermission();         updateLocationUI();         getDeviceLocation();     }     private void updateLocationUI() {         if (mMap == null) {             return;         }         try {             if (mLocationPermissionGranted) {                 mMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);                 mMap.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(true);             } else {                 mMap.setMyLocationEnabled(false);                 mMap.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(false);                 mCurrentLocatiion = null;                 getLocationPermission();             }         } catch (SecurityException e)  {             Log.e("Exception: %s", e.getMessage());         }     }     private void setDefaultLocation() {         if (currentMarker != null) currentMarker.remove();         MarkerOptions markerOptions = new MarkerOptions();         markerOptions.position(mDefaultLocation);         markerOptions.title("위치정보 가져올 수 없음");         markerOptions.snippet("위치 퍼미션과 GPS 활성 여부 확인하세요");         markerOptions.draggable(true);         markerOptions.icon(BitmapDescriptorFactory.defaultMarker(BitmapDescriptorFactory.HUE_RED));         currentMarker = mMap.addMarker(markerOptions);         CameraUpdate cameraUpdate = CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(mDefaultLocation, 15);         mMap.moveCamera(cameraUpdate);     }     String getCurrentAddress(LatLng latlng) {         // 위치 정보와 지역으로부터 주소 문자열을 구한다.         List<Address> addressList = null ;         Geocoder geocoder = new Geocoder( this, Locale.getDefault());         // 지오코더를 이용하여 주소 리스트를 구한다.         try {             addressList = geocoder.getFromLocation(latlng.latitude,latlng.longitude,1);         } catch (IOException e) {             Toast. makeText( this, "위치로부터 주소를 인식할 수 없습니다. 네트워크가 연결되어 있는지 확인해 주세요.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT ).show();             e.printStackTrace();             return "주소 인식 불가" ;         }         if (addressList.size() < 1) { // 주소 리스트가 비어있는지 비어 있으면             return "해당 위치에 주소 없음" ;         }         // 주소를 담는 문자열을 생성하고 리턴         Address address = addressList.get(0);         StringBuilder addressStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();         for (int i = 0; i <= address.getMaxAddressLineIndex(); i++) {             addressStringBuilder.append(address.getAddressLine(i));             if (i < address.getMaxAddressLineIndex())                 addressStringBuilder.append("\n");         }         return addressStringBuilder.toString();     }     LocationCallback locationCallback = new LocationCallback() {         @Override         public void onLocationResult(LocationResult locationResult) {             super.onLocationResult(locationResult);             List<Location> locationList = locationResult.getLocations();             if (locationList.size() > 0) {                 Location location = locationList.get(locationList.size() - 1);                 LatLng currentPosition                         = new LatLng(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude());                 String markerTitle = getCurrentAddress(currentPosition);                 String markerSnippet = "위도:" + String.valueOf(location.getLatitude())                         + " 경도:" + String.valueOf(location.getLongitude());                 Log.d(TAG, "Time :" + CurrentTime() + " onLocationResult : " + markerSnippet);                 // Update 주기를 확인해보려고 시간을 찍어보았음.                 //현재 위치에 마커 생성하고 이동                 setCurrentLocation(location, markerTitle, markerSnippet);                 mCurrentLocatiion = location;             }         }     };     private String CurrentTime(){         Date today = new Date();         SimpleDateFormat date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd");         SimpleDateFormat time = new SimpleDateFormat("hh:mm:ss a");         return time.format(today);     }     public void setCurrentLocation(Location location, String markerTitle, String markerSnippet) {         if (currentMarker != null) currentMarker.remove();         LatLng currentLatLng = new LatLng(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude());         MarkerOptions markerOptions = new MarkerOptions();         markerOptions.position(currentLatLng);         markerOptions.title(markerTitle);         markerOptions.snippet(markerSnippet);         markerOptions.draggable(true);         currentMarker = mMap.addMarker(markerOptions);         CameraUpdate cameraUpdate = CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLng(currentLatLng);         mMap.moveCamera(cameraUpdate);     }     private void getDeviceLocation() {         try {             if (mLocationPermissionGranted) {                 mFusedLocationProviderClient.requestLocationUpdates(locationRequest, locationCallback, Looper.myLooper());             }         } catch (SecurityException e)  {             Log.e("Exception: %s", e.getMessage());         }     }     private void getLocationPermission() {         if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this.getApplicationContext(),                 android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)                 == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {             mLocationPermissionGranted = true;         } else {             ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,                     new String[]{android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},                     PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);         }     }     @Override     public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,                                            @NonNull String permissions[],                                            @NonNull int[] grantResults) {         mLocationPermissionGranted = false;         switch (requestCode) {             case PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION: {                 if (grantResults.length > 0                         && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {                     mLocationPermissionGranted = true;                 }             }         }         updateLocationUI();     }     @Override     protected void onStart() {         super.onStart();         if (mLocationPermissionGranted) {             Log.d(TAG, "onStart : requestLocationUpdates");             mFusedLocationProviderClient.requestLocationUpdates(locationRequest, locationCallback, null);             if (mMap!=null)                 mMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);         }     }     @Override     protected void onStop() {         super.onStop();         if (mFusedLocationProviderClient != null) {             Log.d(TAG, "onStop : removeLocationUpdates");             mFusedLocationProviderClient.removeLocationUpdates(locationCallback);         }     }     @Override     protected void onDestroy() {         super.onDestroy();         if (mFusedLocationProviderClient != null) {             Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy : removeLocationUpdates");             mFusedLocationProviderClient.removeLocationUpdates(locationCallback);         }     } }

앱 build.gradle

apply plugin: 'com.android.application' android {     compileSdkVersion 28     defaultConfig {         applicationId "com.link2me.android.googlemap"         minSdkVersion 19         targetSdkVersion 28         versionCode 1         versionName "1.0"         // multiDexEnabled true // minSdkVersion 이 21 이상인 경우 사용     }     buildTypes {         release {             minifyEnabled false             proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'         }     } } dependencies {     implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])     implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'     implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'     implementation 'androidx.cardview:cardview:1.0.0'     implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:17.0.0'     implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:17.0.0'     //implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-places:16.0.0' // OLD     //implementation 'com.google.android.libraries.places:places:2.0.0'  // NEW     implementation 'com.google.android.libraries.places:places-compat:2.0.0'     implementation 'gun0912.ted:tedpermission:2.0.0'     implementation 'com.android.volley:volley:1.1.1'     implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:3.8.0' // 이미지 라이브러리     implementation 'androidx.multidex:multidex:2.0.0' // minSdkVersion 이 21 이하인 경우 사용     implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.2.0' }

최근에는 minSdkVersion 을 23 이상으로 하라는 코드가 상당히 많다.

보안이 강화되면서 minSdkVersion 버전을 올리는 것이 좋은 듯하다.